In general, the optimal BMI and WC thresholds approximated currently used thresholds in men and in white women. The sensitivities at the optimal thresholds ranged from 63.5 to 68.5% for BMI and 68.4 to 71.0% for WC and the specificities ranged from 64.2 to 68.8% for BMI and from 68.5 to 71.0% for WC, respectively. WHtR was calculated as waist circumference (cm)/height(cm). Based on our findings, the . Waist circumference (WC) is a useful anthropometric tool to estimate cardiometabolic risk. Quality in Primary Care Open Access.
Methods The study sample included 6,452 whites and African Americans (AA) aged 18-64 years. . medwireNews: Researchers report that waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference are associated with type 2 diabetes risk to a similar degree across multiple ethnicities, unlike BMI and body fat.. We performed an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) on general . . Thresholds for WC were identified where ORs for WC corresponded to those seen at BMIs of 18.5, 25, 30, 35, and 40 according to the sex- and race-ethnicity-specific OR equations. For example, one American Heart Association study found that BMI might not work well to indicate obesity or heart disease for Asians, and may not be the best stand-alone health readers for Blacks, Hispanics, or Specific Islanders, either 5. Increases in weight over time were more harmful in Asians than in the other ethnic groups: For every 11 pounds Asians gained during adulthood, they had an 84 percent increase in their risk of type 2 diabetes; Hispanics, blacks, and whites who gained weight also had higher diabetes risks, but again, to a much lesser degree than Asians. 1.Body mass index. Breathe out naturally before taking the measurement. The current thresholds were derived largely in populations of European origin. Similar to previous research, the optimal waist circumference thresholds . Agreement with waist circumference was conducted. Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, Ross R. Body mass index, waist circumference, and health risk: evidence in support of current National Institutes of Health guidelines. Design . medwireNews: Researchers report that waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference are associated with type 2 diabetes risk to a similar degree across multiple ethnicities, unlike BMI and body fat.. WWI was calculated as waist circumference (cm) divided by the square root of weight (kg). Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were indica-tors of body fat used in the WHO criteria, [2] while waist circumference (WC) has been rec-ommended as a surrogate for abnormal fat distribution in more recent MS criteria [1]. Ethnic-Specific BMI and Waist Circumference Thresholds By Peter T. Katzmarzyk, George A. Bray, Frank L. Greenway, William D. Johnson, Robert L. Newton, Eric Ravussin, Donna H. Ryan and Claude Bouchard Definitions The Public Health Interventions Advisory Committee (PHIAC) considered black and other minority ethnic groups, as well as Asian groups, when developing this guidance. Age-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for prevalent type 2 diabetes associated with a 0.5-SD increment in each anthropometric measure: BMI, waist circumference (Waist), and WHR (Waist:Hip). Body mass index and waist circumference cutoffs to define obesity in indigenous New Zealanders 1 - 3 more. Ethnic-specific waist circumference. Waist measurement is a measurement which indicates the need for weight management and reflects coronary risk related to both overweight and a central fat distribution. Background To lower the risk of diabetes and heart disease in Africa, identification of African-centred thresholds for inexpensive biomarkers of insulin resistance (IR) is essential. The ensuing widening of the hip bones . Introduction. WHO Expert Consultation. Waist circumference (WC) is a simple, predictive measure of abdominal adiposity.1 Over the last 20 years within the UK, WC has increased more steeply than body mass index (BMI) among children and adolescents.2 BMI cannot differentiate between lean tissue and body fat, or provide an indication of body fat distribution, whereas an excess accumulation of abdominal fat is associated . Despite a strong association between waist circumference and BMI at the population level, emerging evidence suggests that, across populations, waist circumference might be increasing beyond what is expected according to . Previous studies for defining optimal WC cut-off points included high-income and urban settings, and did not cover low-income, rural settings, especially for ethnic minorities. The current waist circumference cut point used for the Epidemiol 2008; 61: 646-653. diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in sub-Saharan African women is not appro- 8 World Health Organization. The International Diabetes Federation's definition of the metabolic syndrome uses ethnic-specific criteria to define abdominal obesity.
Background Recent guidelines stressed the need to adopt different values of waist circumference (WC) measurements to define abdominal obesity in different ethnic groups. The sensitivities at the optimal thresholds ranged from 63.5 to 68.5% for BMI and 68.4 to 71.0% for WC and the specificities ranged from 64.2 to 68.8% for BMI and from 68.5 to 71.0% for WC,. (27,28) Finally, the outcomes analyses and related conclusions are limited by the shorter-term follow-up (60 days) pre . value of 95 cm, rather than the 102 cm currently used is needed. The obesity based on waist circumference risk was divided into tertiles for both waist circumference and BMI. Obesity 14 Jump over to the doctors only platform. In the whole sample at baseline, 47.1% were underweight,. Fig 1: Age-adjusted body mass index and waist circumference cut-offs equivalent to conventional obesity thresholds by ethnic group and sex. The demographic characteristics of 1898 adult males and 2308 nonpregnant females from 24 provinces of 7 . The waist circumference (WC) cutoff levels defined for the Caucasian people may not be representative for different ethnic groups. Obesity-related genetic variants have been identified, but these explain little of the variation in BMI. Weight that is higher than what is considered as a healthy weight for a given height is described as overweight or obese. The prediction of dysglycaemia using anthropometric variables followed a similar pattern to 2MS. Health researchers have suggested new body mass index (BMI) thresholds for defining overweight and obese individuals in ethnic communities. DOI: 10.1016/J.JPEDS.2004.06.044 Corpus ID: 8245281; Waist circumference percentiles in nationally representative samples of African-American, European-American, and Mexican-American children and adolescents. The sensitivities at the optimal thresholds ranged from 63.5 to 68.5% for BMI and 68.4 to 71.0% for WC and the specificities ranged from 64.2 to 68.8% for BMI and from 68.5 to 71.0% for WC, respectively. Results For older adults (65-74 and 75+ years old), the BMI threshold for identifying overweight increased to 26.9 and 26.6, respectively, from the. Using WC over BMI and other markers of adiposity emphasised the important role of central obesity The metabolic syndrome abnormalities appear at higher body mass index and waist circumference among women. Using WC over BMI and other markers of adiposity emphasised the important role of central obesity 4.Obesity. from regression models were based on a comparison with the ORs for CVD risks in subjects at the 25th percentile of an ethnic-specific population and because the . CONCLUSIONS Obesity should be defined at lower thresholds in nonwhite populations to ensure that interventions are targeted equitably based on equivalent diabetes prevalence. It circumferwnce calculated as the ratio of weight in kilograms kg divided by height in metres-squared m2. However, BMI and alternative measures of fat mass have been shown to be highly correlated; furthermore the obesity paradox has also been demonstrated in HF populations using both waist circumference and percent body fat. Using our newly estimated waist circumference thresholds, the age-adjusted prevalence of MetS was 30.9% in males and 30.3% in females. PLoS ONE 2012; 7: e48883. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, and waist circumference are commonly used measures for estimating abdominal adiposity (6,7). Results: The optimal WC thresholds increased across BMI categories from 87 to 124 cm in men and from 79 to 115 cm in women. Ian Janssen. between waist circumference and morbidity, and on any association between BMI, waist circumference and health risk. The team looked at the relationships between the four body composition measures and type 2 diabetes risk in 21,072 participants of the Amsterdam-based Healthy Life in an Urban Setting (HELIUS . The team looked at the relationships between the four body composition measures and type 2 diabetes risk in 21,072 participants of the Amsterdam-based Healthy Life in an Urban Setting (HELIUS . BMI alone. Chris Ardern. I.World Health . Design This study used the pooled 2013-2014 and 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES . To determine whether a patient is obese, estimates such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference are widely used - with accepted cut-offs being 30 kg/m 2 for BMI and 94 cm for men and 80 cm for women in terms of waist circumference. RCS was preferred over a linear model because of the AIC static was lower for all RCS models compared to the linear models, for determining adiposity cut points (26).
[21] . Waist circumference, BMI and health outcomes continuous analysis Despite the observation that the association between waist circumference and adverse health risk varies across BMI categories 11current obesity-risk classification systems recommend using the same waist circumference threshold values for all BMI categories Song, X. This study determined BMI-, sex- and race-specific WC thresholds. Background Being overweight or obese increases risk for cardiometabolic disorders. Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine whether the cross-sectional associations between anthropometric obesity measures, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and calculated 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk using the Framingham and general CVD risk score models, are the same for women of Australian, UK and Ireland, North . Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 900,000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 . The sensitivities at the optimal thresholds ranged from 63.5 to 68.5% for BMI and 68.4 to 71.0% for WC and the specificities ranged from 64.2 to 68.8% for BMI and from 68.5 to 71.0% for WC, respectively. Objective . Central or abdominal obesity, measured as waist circumference (WC), is one of 5 risk factors constituting a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome.1 WC is found to explain obesity-related health risks, 2 and for a given body mass index (BMI), an increase of WC by 5 cm has been associated with an increased risk of death of 17% for men and 13% for women.3. Prospective studies using representative populations are required to firmly establish ethnicity-specific and BMI category-specific waist circumference threshold values that distinguish adults at increased health risk. These cut points were derived primarily in European populations to correspond to risk thresholds for a wide range of chronic diseases and mortality. Results are shown separately by sex and ethnic group (Asian and white). BackgroundThe appropriate optimal anthropometric indices and their thresholds within each BMI category for predicting those at a high risk of cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRFs) among the Chinese are still under dispute.ObjectivesWe aimed to identify the best indicators of CVDRFs and the optimal threshold within each BMI category among the Chinese.MethodsBetween 2012 and 2020, a total . PLoS ONE 2012; 7: e48883. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:2074-79. a recent study found that the waist-to-height ratio (using the threshold 0.5) identifies far more people at early health risk than BMI and WC used together. The BMI is calculated using body mass central obesity waist circumference and bmi height, and the resulting score is an indirect measure of body fat.
To determine ethnic specific cut points for adiposity, BMI and waist circumference were modelled using restricted cubic splines (RCS) with three knots. 1 However, there is ongoing debate as to whether these criteria for obesity and .
Effect of exercise training intensity on abdominal visceral fat and body composition. If your BMI is 18.5 to 24.9, it falls within the normal or Healthy Weight range. Of note, BMI-specific waist circumference thresholds have been developed in African American and white men and women 112. The prevalence of obesity and its related chronic diseases have been increasing especially in Asian countries.
BMI in American adults has increased over the past 18 years.
Recent studies reported associations between DNA methylation and obesity, mostly in non-Asian populations. Discrimination of health risk by combined body mass index and waist circumference (vol 11, pg 135, 2003) The current waist circumference cut point used for the Epidemiol 2008; 61: 646-653. diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in sub-Saharan African women is not appro- 8 World Health Organization. It is therefore a more accurate predictor of obesity classification waist circumference and bmi risk, type 2 diabetes in women and metabolic syndrome. Waist circumference (WC) thresholds derived from western populations continue to be used in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) despite increasing evidence of ethnic variation in the association between . Ashwell, M. Obesity 22 waits Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: the evidence report. Ashwell, M., P. Gunn, and S. Gibson, Waist-to-height ratio . Since these cut-offs were defined based on European populations, it is important to use ethnic . Obesity 18 For both men and women, the Ardern waist circumference values substantially improved health effects of obesity essay spm of mortality compared with the traditional values.
BMI is a simple and widely used clinical measure; however, BMI may not be a reliable indicator of health risk across all racial and ethnic groups (6,8,9). [10] Guideline Eligibility Criteria: - Adult patients with a BMI 30 kg/m2 - Adult patients with a BMI 227 kg/m with co-morbidities
For BMI, the universal threshold of 25 kg/m 2 increased sensitivity to 65% but dropped specificity to 60%. In general, the optimal BMI and WC thresholds approximated currently used thresholds in men and in white women. Waist Circumference and Waist-Hip Ratio: Report of a priate. Robert Ross. J Clin 31 Crowther NJ, Norris SA. Design This study used the pooled 2013-2014 and 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES . Conventional BMI classifications are overweight (25.0 kg/m 2 BMI<30.0 kg/m 2) and obese (BMI 30.0 kg/m 2 ). The aim of this study is to identify WC cutoff points in normotensive and hypertensive subjects which are diagnostic of abdominal obesity in a Middle Eastern population and the prevalence of abdominal obesity in a nationwide . Most individuals were categorized in the same status, whether using the BMI or the WHtR. . If your BMI is 25.0 to 29.9, it falls within the overweight range. Wrap a tape measure around your waist midway between these points. Waist circumference has been identified as one of the strongest predictive tool for metabolic syndrome. Similar to previous research, the optimal waist circumference thresholds increased across BMI categories in both ethnic groups and were higher in men than in women. The following table (Table 1) summarizes IDF waist circumference values according to ethnicity and gender. * In future epidemiological studies of populations of Europid origin, prevalence should be given using both European and North American cut points to allow better comparisons. Ethnic-Specific BMI and Waist Circumference Thresholds By Peter T. Katzmarzyk, George A. Bray, Frank L. Greenway, William D. Johnson, Robert L. Newton, Eric Ravussin, Donna H. Ryan and Claude Bouchard This study determines the optimal cut-off point of waist circumference for metabolic syndrome among low-income earning South African black population, in Eastern Cape, South Africa. Thank you for visiting nature. The WC cut-off of 35 in. WHO Expert Consultation. 93, 30 kg/m 2 and 30 % for men. Ardern CI, Janssen I, Ross R, Katzmarzyk PT. That's why waist circumference thresholds are so important for these populations.
Peter Katzmarzyk. Because WC is typically not assessed in clinical practice, this study sought to develop and verify a model to predict WC . ISSN: 1479-1064; Journal h-index: 22; Journal CiteScore: 7.78 ; Journal Impact Factor: 4.76 ; Average acceptance to publication time (5-7 days) Objectives This study examines the gender effect on the associations between body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist circumference to height ratio (WHtR) with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) when Asian-specific cutoffs are applied among Asians living in the USA. How do I measure my waist circumference? the IDF recommends the age- and sex-specific 90th per-centile as a cut-off value for waist circumference (WC) in adolescents 10-15 years of age and ethnic-specific WC cut-off value for those 16-18 years of age.13 In previous studies, the threshold percentiles for WC regarding the clustering of cardio-metabolic risk factors The thresholds are: underweight for BMI 18.5 kg/m 2; normal if BMI 18.5 kg/m 2 and 25 kg/m 2; and overweight or obesity for BMI 25 kg/m 2. Development of health-related waist circumference thresholds within BMI categories.
Although both body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) measure the level of overweight and obesity, WC may be more important because of its closer relationship to total body fat. By Peter T. Katzmarzyk, George A. Bray, Frank L. Greenway, William D. Johnson, Robert L. Newton, Eric Ravussin, Donna H. Ryan, Claude Bouchard, NIH, World Health . Waist Circumference and Waist-Hip Ratio: Report of a priate. BMI cut-offs to define obesity are based on well established risks for cardiometabolic morbidity and premature mortality. however, the International Diabetes Federation has suggested . The validation study indicated improved sensitivity and specificity with the BMI-specific WC thresholds compared with the single thresholds. It is unclear whether the lower threshold for BMI in Asians is due to differences in body composition, biochemical characteristics, lifestyle, or genetics. We used logistic regression analysis to examine the associations between WC classification and metabolic risk within the normal-weight, overweight, and class I obese BMI categories Table 3. Download Download PDF. The aim was to develop recommendations for using waist . Specifically, waist circumference was measured to the nearest 0.1 cm with a measuring tape placed horizontally around the narrowest part of the torso over undergarments or light clothing at the end of a normal exhalation. Objectives This study examines the gender effect on the associations between body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist circumference to height ratio (WHtR) with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) when Asian-specific cutoffs are applied among Asians living in the USA. An adult non-pregnant woman whose waist circumference is equal to or greater than 35 inches (88 cm) *Threshold criteria for BMI and waist circumference are generally lower for Asian populations. Development of Health-Related Waist Circumference Thresholds Within BMI Categories** Obesity, 2004. The optimal waist circumference cut-off point was determined through receiver operating characteristics . J Clin 31 Crowther NJ, Norris SA. However, BMI influences the relationship between WC and health. A 'raised' waist circumference is defined as above 102 cm (40 inches) for men and above 88 cm (35 inches) for women. For children, we use BMI-for-age zscores. Using the WHO Asian BMI threshold of 23 kg/m 2, sensitivity increased to 84% with a specificity of 32%. BMI and waist circumference (WC) are used to identify individuals with elevated obesityrelated health risks. [16, 18] . . Measuring adults. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were indica-tors of body fat used in the WHO criteria, [2] while waist circumference (WC) has been rec-ommended as a surrogate for abnormal fat distribution in more recent MS criteria [1]. BMI (weight in kg divided by the square of height in m) is a relatively simple and low cost indirect measure for assessing obesity with reasonable height standardisation. Assessing body mass index and waist circumference thresholds for intervening to prevent ill health and premature death among adults from black, Asian and other minority ethnic groups in the UK 1 Introduction In July 2011, NICE received a referral from the Department of Health on assessing Design and Methods . The waist circumference (WC) thresholds that predicts IR in African men and women have not been established, but investigations recently conducted in Africa using indirect measures of IR suggest IR is predicted by . Therefore, we decided to keep the BMI measure. Among men, a waist circumference of 102 cm equated to 79, 88, and 88 cm for South Asian, black, and Chinese participants, respectively. Other science agrees . . Both waist circumference and BMI have sex and ethnic specific cut-offs, which complicates their practical use. We determined sex specific WC cutoff points to predict obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular risk in Turkish adults. [25] H. C. Lukaski and P. E. Johnson, "A simple, inexpensive [10] H. Ochiai, T. Shirasawa, R. Nishimura et al., "Relationship of method of determining total body water using a tracer dose body mass index to percent body fat and waist circumference of D2 O and infrared absorption of biological fluids," American among schoolchildren in . Background: Metabolic syndrome is pandemic; however, the cut-off values for waist circumference (WC) vary widely depending on the ethnic groups studied and the criteria applied for WC measurement. Find the bottom of your ribs and the top of your hips. The data shows that the impact of BMI and waist circumference on ISI is ethnic- and gender-specific, indicating a disturbed fat metabolism in Iraqi males in particular and suggests that 10 cm lower cut-off values for abdominal obesity, than is currently recommended by major organisations, should be considered when estimating diabetes risk in .
If your BMI is 30.0 or higher, it falls within the obese range. Obes Res 2004;12:1094 . The baseline characteristics of 27,026 oldest old in different BMI groups categorized by guidelines are presented in Supplementary Table 1. However, these values have not been validated against "hard" clinical outcomes and therefore provide "ballpark" figures to patients and their treating physicians. 3.4.1 Ethnic groups for which waist circumference or waist-hip . This study aimed at . For the purpose of this guidance black, Asian and other minority ethnic groups are defined as follows: 80cm (31.5ins) or more for women. Regardless of your height or BMI, you should try to lose weight if your waist is: 94cm (37ins) or more for men. 2.Body constitution. 3.Body composition. 4 However, although BMI is strongly . This study determined optimal BMI and WC thresholds for the identification of cardiometabolic risk among white and AfricanAmerican (AA) adults. In general, the optimal BMI and WC thresholds approximated currently used thresholds in men and in white women. and metabolic comorbidity differs in the 2 major ethnic groups in New Zealand and to ascertain whether ethnicity-specific BMI and waist circumference cutoffs for obesity are justified for Mori (indigenous New Zealanders). Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine whether the cross-sectional associations between anthropometric obesity measures, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and calculated 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk using the Framingham and general CVD risk score models, are the same for women of Australian, UK and Ireland, North . The sample included 2,096 white women, 1,789 AA women . increased sensitivity slightly to 78% with 40% specificity. . This status is combined with 1 of 3 other metabolic associated criteria defined in a consensus statement (overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes, or normal weight defined by BMI) with at least 2 of the following metabolic abnormalities: waist circumference 102/88 cm in men and women (or 90/80 cm in Asian men and women), blood pressure 130 . The BMI-specific WC thresholds were cross-validated using the CHHS.